Tag Archive | genesis

The FIRMAMENT in Biblical Genesis – something visible and SOLID – the meaning of raqia

Acts 7:49 “Heaven is My throne, and the earth a footstool of My feet”

And God said, Let there be A FIRMAMENT in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters (Gen. 1:6)

(Bible verses further down below.)

Heroic efforts have been made to explain away the firmament which we can read about in the Bible, partly because of the clear implications that it is durable enough to hold waters above it, but still small (and near) enough to enclose the celestial bodies which Genesis talks about. This Biblical information bothers many Christians due to their hard task to try to fit in the moon landings, the ball-shaped earth and heliocentrism – which are believed to be modern truths that must be saved to all costs. The Evolution theory is naturally impossible to save if the earth is not made through a Big Bang billions of years ago because lots of time is required in order to make this theory sound plausible.

It is more honest to read the Bible without trying to save certain theories, even if we are convinced they are true, because it is never a sin to read Biblical texts in its proper context. Even secular people must admit that the Bible has over the years proved to be a highly trustworthy book because of the many details about cities, people, leaders, wars, coins, etc, which have parallels also in other old sources as well as in history and archaeology. It is therefore interesting to see what the Bible says about the firmament – which this blog post is about. If we try to be neutral with no preconceived ideas, what does the Bible really say about it?

It is of interest to see how the Greek Septuagint has rendered the Hebrew word raqia with help from the holy Spirit. The answer is the noun στερέωμα (stereóma) from Strong’s 4733, meaning a support, strength (solidity), firmness, steadfastness. It derives from the verb στερεόω (stereoó) from Strong’s 4732, and can mean strengthen, confirm, establish, solidify, make strong, make firm. HELP’s word studies: Cognate: – make stable (solid, immoveable). The adjective is στερεός (stereos) from Strong’s 4731, and the short definition is hard/firm. It can also be translated solid, steadfast or immoveable.

The first occurrence can be found in the first chapter of Genesis (Gen. 1:6) where we can read about God’s creation. This means that raqia/stereóma is something physical that was made. The latin Vulgate has translated the word firmamentum.

The Bible contains many verses where the writer is in total awe about God’s creation of the heavens and the firmament, but if the firmament is nothing physical but at the most air or space, then this type of “handiwork” is not much do be impressed about. However, if the firmament is a physical vault covering the entire earth and containing the stars, the sun and the moon, then it is definitely something to mention in a psalm.

Psalm 19:1 The heavens [shamayim] declare the glory of God; and the firmament [raqiya] sheweth his handywork.

Since also theologians can be in error about the Bible, even if it is scarce, the best tools to verify the meaning of a term are:

The Bible itself. To see how the same term is used elsewhere in the Bible.
The Septuagint can be used to check equivalent Hebrew expressions in Greek.
Other old trustworthy writings from the same period, particularly those referred to in the Bible (the book of Enoch, the book of Jasher).
Old church fathers – the older the better. What quotes do they use, and how do they understand the term? Which lost books do they speak highly of? (See here that the church fathers indeed believed in a physical firmament.)

Based on the above tools, it is very hard to come to any other conclusion than that the firmament is a physical object above the sky – the outer edge – and the celestial bodies are placed in it.

The Jewish historian Flavius Josephus of the Antiquities of the Jews — Book I, The constitution of the world and the disposition of the elements:

1. — After this, on the second day, he placed the heaven over the whole world, and separated it from the other parts, and he determined it should stand by itself. He also placed a crystalline [firmament] round it, and put it together in a manner agreeable to the earth, and fitted it for giving moisture and rain, and for affording the advantage of dews.

Ez. 1:22, Rev. 4:6 and Rev. 22:1 speak about the firmament as likened to crystal, and it is clearly something visible and amazing:

Ez. 1:22 And the likeness of the firmament upon the heads of the living creature was as the colour of the terrible crystal, stretched forth over their heads above.

Rev. 4:6 And before the throne there was a sea of glass like unto crystal: and in the midst of the throne, and round about the throne, were four beasts full of eyes before and behind.

Rev. 22:1 And he shewed me a pure river of water of life, clear as crystal, proceeding out of the throne of God and of the Lamb.

If the firmament is constructed as the Bible explains, naturally no moon landing could mark twain ever have taken place. With or without the firmament problem, there is absolutely no evidence that man has ever been to the moon, but there is evidence that NASA has lied to us and faked all moon missions (check out also other NASA lies linked to the ISS, the Hubble telescope, etc). The reason why it is now 2018 and people still believe man has been on the moon, is because they are convinced that NASA would not lie to them, because they believe thousands or millions of people must have been involved (which is totally false), and because they have not seen films such as “A funny thing happened on the way to the moon” (proves cheating), or Jarrah White’s youtube channel Moonfaker, or Marcus Allen’s moon hoax films or any of the fake moon landing photos on aulis, etc. Instead they rely on mainstream media and that they must avoid alternative news to be good and obedient citizens. It really should be enough to see the press conference right after the first moon landing, where the three astronauts should have danced around the room of joy just for having survived the round trip despite all the radiation impact and other risks, but instead they looked like their favorite dog just died. Surprisingly, they could not even remember if they could see any stars on their trip or not. Michael Collins claimed he could not remember seeing any stars at all (contrary to Neil Armstrong’s claim), but later in his book he mentioned all the beautiful stars he could see.

Bible verses showing the Hebrew verb raqa and the Hebrew noun raqia

The English word “firmament” is based on the Latin word firmamentum, used in the Vulgate and this term in turn is derived from the Latin root firmus – a cognate with “firm”. It is a Latinization of the Greek stereōma which appears in the Septuagint version of the Bible.

The original Hebrew noun in the Old Testament is raqia (Strong’s 7549) and can be translated as an extended surface or expanse. Bluletterbible also offers “a visible arch of the sky”. This noun is used 17 times in the KJV.

The corresponding Hebrew verb raqa (Strong’s 7554) could be translated into: to beat, beat out, stamp, hammer and spread out thinly, like the process of making a dish by hammering thin a lump of metal. This verb is used 11 times in the KJV.

Let us start with the Bible verses with the verb form, so that we can easier understand what the noun might mean thanks to the details. The most interesting verse is Job 37:18 which could be translated as God beating out the skies as strong as metal.

Can you, with Him, spread out the skies, Strong as a molten mirror? (NASB)

Can you, like him, spread out the skies, hard as a cast metal mirror? (ESV)

Below, the verb use in the KJV – This verb is for example used when we read about beating gold into thin plates, plates being made broad to cover an altar, goldsmiths spreading out gold over graven images, silver spread into plates, and God stretching out the earth (most importantly, when he spreads out the sky which is strong as molten looking-glass).

Job 37:18 Hast thou with him spread out the sky, which is strong, and as a molten looking glass?

Ex. 39:3 And they did beat the gold into thin plates, and cut it into wires, to work it in the blue, and in the purple, and in the scarlet, and in the fine linen, with cunning work.

Num. 16:39 And Eleazar the priest took the brasen censers, wherewith they that were burnt had offered; and they were made broad plates for a covering of the altar:

2 Sam. 22:41 Thou hast also given me the necks of mine enemies, that I might destroy them that hate me.— 43 Then did I beat them as small as the dust of the earth, I did stamp them as the mire of the street, and did spread them abroad.

Ps. 136:6 To him that stretched out the earth above the waters: for his mercy endureth for ever.

Is. 40:19 The workman melteth a graven image, and the goldsmith spreadeth it over with gold, and casteth silver chains.

Is. 42:5 5 Thus saith God the Lord, he that created the heavens, and stretched them out; he that spread forth the earth, and that which cometh out of it; he that giveth breath unto the people upon it, and spirit to them that walk therein

Is. 44:24 24 Thus saith the Lord, thy redeemer, and he that formed thee from the womb, I am the Lord that maketh all things; that stretcheth forth the heavens alone; that spreadeth abroad the earth by myself;

Jer. 10:9 Silver spread into plates is brought from Tarshish, and gold from Uphaz, the work of the workman, and of the hands of the founder: blue and purple is their clothing: they are all the work of cunning men.

Ez. 6:11 Thus saith the Lord God; Smite with thine hand, and stamp with thy foot, and say, Alas for all the evil abominations of the house of Israel! for they shall fall by the sword, by the famine, and by the pestilence.

Ez. 25:6 For thus saith the Lord God; Because thou hast clapped thine hands, and stamped with the feet, and rejoiced in heart with all thy despite against the land of Israel

Below, the noun use in the KJV – this noun is for example used to show something visible, solid, with a certain color (crystal) and brightness, and strong enough to hold water above it. There is water both below this firmament (on the earth) as well as above. We know from films of stars that they indeed look like they are placed behind a layer of water. The firmament is also called “heaven” but is specifically explained as “the firmament of the heaven”. The celestial bodies (the lights) are placed in this firmament and not above it. The lights are there specifically to give light upon the earth, and to be used as signs for the inhabitants of the earth. The birds were created to fly “in the open firmament of heaven”. Based on psalms, this firmament is still in existence to show the glory of God. The firmament is stretched forth over our heads and Ezekiel describes the firmament to be rather near, because the odd-looking creatures with wings will be close by this firmament with their voices heard from it. The context of Ezekiel requires a literal vault or dome.

Gen. 1:6 And God said, Let there be a firmament in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters 7 And God made the firmament, and divided the waters which were under the firmament from the waters which were above the firmament: and it was so.⁸And God called the firmament Heaven. And the evening and the morning were the second day.⁹And God said, Let the waters under the heaven be gathered together unto one place, and let the dry land appear: and it was so.— 14 And God said, Let there be lights in the firmament of the heaven to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days, and years:15 And let them be for lights in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth: and it was so.16 And God made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night: he made the stars also.17 And God set them in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth,18 And to rule over the day and over the night, and to divide the light from the darkness: and God saw that it was good.19 And the evening and the morning were the fourth day.20 And God said, Let the waters bring forth abundantly the moving creature that hath life, and fowl that may fly above the earth in the open firmament of heaven.

Ps. 150:1 Praise ye the Lord. Praise God in his sanctuary: praise him in the firmament of his power.

Ez. 1:15 Now as I beheld the living creatures, behold one wheel upon the earth by the living creatures, with his four faces.— 22 And the likeness of the firmament upon the heads of the living creature was as the colour of the terrible crystal, stretched forth over their heads above. 23 And under the firmament were their wings straight, the one toward the other: every one had two, which covered on this side, and every one had two, which covered on that side, their bodies.25 And there was a voice from the firmament that was over their heads, when they stood, and had let down their wings.26 And above the firmament that was over their heads was the likeness of a throne, as the appearance of a sapphire stone: and upon the likeness of the throne was the likeness as the appearance of a man above upon it.

Ez. 10:1 Then I looked, and, behold, in the firmament that was above the head of the cherubims there appeared over them as it were a sapphire stone, as the appearance of the likeness of a throne.

Dan. 12:3 And they that be wise shall shine as the brightness of the firmament; and they that turn many to righteousness as the stars for ever and ever

Other verses

Other equivalent verses about the firmament which looks like a tabernacle or tent. A rotating globe circling around the sun naturally does not need a “foundation”, nor any pillars to stand on. Spreading out the firmament/vault/tabernacle as a tent over the earth, for the inhabitants to dwell in, would be hard to imagine on a ball.

Is. 40:22 It is he that sitteth upon the circle of the earth, and the inhabitants thereof are as grasshoppers; that stretcheth out the heavens as a curtain, and spreadeth them out as a tent to dwell in:

Job 9:1 Then Job answered and said —6 Which shaketh the earth out of her place, and the pillars thereof tremble.7 Which commandeth the sun, and it riseth not; and sealeth up the stars.8 Which alone spreadeth out the heavens, and treadeth upon the waves of the sea.9 Which maketh Arcturus, Orion, and Pleiades, and the chambers of the south.

Job 36:29 Also can any understand the spreadings of the clouds, or the noise of his tabernacle?30 Behold, he spreadeth his light upon it, and covereth the bottom of the sea.

Job 38:44 Where wast thou when I laid the foundations of the earth? declare, if thou hast understanding.5 Who hath laid the measures thereof, if thou knowest? or who hath stretched the line upon it?6 Whereupon are the foundations thereof fastened? or who laid the corner stone thereof;7 When the morning stars sang together, and all the sons of God shouted for joy?— 13 That it might take hold of the ends of the earth, that the wicked might be shaken out of it?14 It is turned as clay to the seal; and they stand as a garment.

Job 26:7 He stretcheth out the north over the empty place, and hangeth the earth upon nothing.8 He bindeth up the waters in his thick clouds; and the cloud is not rent under them.9 He holdeth back the face of his throne, and spreadeth his cloud upon it.10 He hath compassed the waters with bounds, until the day and night come to an end.11 The pillars of heaven tremble and are astonished at his reproof.

1 Sam. 2:7 The Lord maketh poor, and maketh rich: he bringeth low, and lifteth up.8 He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, and lifteth up the beggar from the dunghill, to set them among princes, and to make them inherit the throne of glory: for the PILLARS of the earth are the Lord’s, and he hath set the world upon them.

Psalm 104:2 Who coverest thyself with light as with a garment: who stretchest out the heavens like a curtain:3 Who layeth the beams of his chambers in the waters: who maketh the clouds his chariot: who walketh upon the wings of the wind:4 Who maketh his angels spirits; his ministers a flaming fire:5 Who laid the foundations of the earth, that it should not be removed for ever.6 Thou coveredst it with the deep as with a garment: the waters stood above the mountains.

Psalm 148:4 Praise him, ye heavens of heavens, and ye waters that be above the heavens.

1 Chronicles 16:30: “He has fixed the earth firm, immovable.”

The Apocalypse of Baruch is not a canonized book, but it could still very well be that this book confirms the Bible in part or in total. It seems like the Bible, lost books/pseudogrypha, old church fathers, the Septauagint, etc, all say the same thing: The firmament is solid.

Greek Apocalypse of Baruch, 3:5–8:

“Those who gave counsel to build the tower, for they whom thou seest drove forth multitudes of both men and women, to make bricks; among whom, a woman making bricks was not allowed to be released in the hour of child-birth, but brought forth while she was making bricks, and carried her child in her apron, and continued to make bricks. And the Lord appeared to them and confused their speech, when they had built the tower to the height of four hundred and sixty-three cubits. And they took a gimlet, and sought to pierce the heavens, saying, Let us see (whether) the heaven is made of clay, or of brass, or of iron. When God saw this He did not permit them, but smote them with blindness and confusion of speech, and rendered them as thou seest.

Stars will fall to the earth, and people continue to live

Stars can fall from the skies according to Daniel 8:10 and Matthew 24:29, as well as Revelations.

Rev. 6:13 And the stars of heaven fell unto the earth, even as a fig tree casteth her untimely figs, when she is shaken of a mighty wind.14 And the heaven departed as a scroll when it is rolled together; and every mountain and island were moved out of their places. 15 And the kings of the earth, and the great men, and the rich men, and the chief captains, and the mighty men, and every bondman, and every free man, hid themselves in the dens and in the rocks of the mountains;16 And said to the mountains and rocks, Fall on us, and hide us from the face of him that sitteth on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb

Rev: 8:10 And the third angel sounded, and there fell a great star from heaven, burning as it were a lamp, and it fell upon the third part of the rivers, and upon the fountains of waters;11 And the name of the star is called Wormwood: and the third part of the waters became wormwood; and many men died of the waters, because they were made bitter.

Rev. 12:4 And his tail drew the third part of the stars of heaven, and did cast them to the earth: and the dragon stood before the woman which was ready to be delivered, for to devour her child as soon as it was born.

Ps. 147:4 He telleth the number of the stars; he calleth them all by their names.

If one star let alone all the stars in the sky fell on the earth, no one would be able to either hide or speak since the earth would burn up long before this happened.

The book of Enoch – a flat earth book

Numerous manuscripts of 1 Enoch have been found in Ethiopian monasteries, and they have also been found among the Dead Sea Scrolls at Qumran. The book of Enoch and the book of Jasher are both quoted in the Bible. This means that we should not view the text lightly, but rather with the assumption that they likely contain valid descriptions of our past.

The punishment of the fallen angels described in 2 Peter seems to resemble the book of Enoch, as does much of the wording in Revelation. The Epistle of Jude does not only reveal that Genesis should be taken literally (Enoch is in the 7th generation from Adam), but also supports the book of Enoch when it comes to the punishment of the angels – even if the book of Enoch contains many more details. By attributing prophecy to Enoch, Jude gives much support to the validity of his book.

Jude 14 6 And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation, he hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day.—And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold, the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his saints,15 To execute judgment upon all, and to convince all that are ungodly among them of all their ungodly deeds which they have ungodly committed, and of all their hard speeches which ungodly sinners have spoken against him.

The book of Enoch contains too many descriptions of the sun, moon, stars and angels, etc, to cover here, but here are some quotes:

1 Enoch 1:1. The words of the blessing of Enoch, wherewith he blessed the elect and righteous, who will be living in the day of tribulation, when all the wicked and godless are to be removed. 2. And he took up his parable and said–Enoch a righteous man, whose eyes were opened by God, saw the vision of the Holy One in the heavens, which the angels showed me, and from them I heard everything, and from them I understood as I saw, but not for this generation, but for a remote one which is for to come.

1 Enoch 18:1. I saw the treasuries of all the winds: I saw how He had furnished with them the whole creation and the firm foundations of the earth. 2. And I saw the corner-stone of the earth: I saw the four winds which bear [ the earth and ] the firmament of the heaven. 3. And I saw how the winds stretch out the vaults of heaven, and have their station between heaven and earth: these are the pillars of the heaven . 4. I saw the winds of heaven which turn and bring the circumference of the sun and all the stars to their setting. 5. I saw the winds on the earth carrying the clouds: I saw the paths of the angels. I saw at the end of the earth the firmament of the heaven above. —9. And I saw a flaming fire. And beyond these mountains 10. is a region the end of the great earth:there the heavens were completed. — 15. And the stars which roll over the fire are they which have transgressed the commandment of the Lord in the beginning of their rising, because they did not come forth at their appointed times.

1 Enoch 21:1. And I proceeded to where things were chaotic. 2. And I saw there something horrible: I saw neither a heaven above nor a firmly founded earth, but a place chaotic and horrible. 3. And there I saw seven stars of the heaven bound together in it, like great mountains and burning with fire. 4. Then I said: ‘For what sin are they bound, and on what account have they been cast in hither?’ 5. Then said Uriel, one of the holy angels, who was with me, and was chief over them, and said: ‘Enoch, why dost thou ask, and why art thou eager for the truth? 6. These are of the number of the stars of heaven, which have transgressed the commandment of the Lord, and are bound here till ten thousand years, the time entailed by their sins, are consummated.’ 7. And from thence I went to another place, which was still more horrible than the former, and I saw a horrible thing: a great fire there which burnt and blazed, and the place was cleft as far as the abyss, being full of great descending columns of fire: neither its extent or magnitude could I see, nor could I conjecture. 8. Then I said: ‘How fearful is the place and how terrible to look upon!’ 9. Then Uriel answered me, one of the holy angels who was with me, and said unto me: ‘Enoch, why hast thou such fear and affright?’ And I answered: ‘Because of this fearful place, and because of the spectacle of the pain.’ 10. And he said unto me: ‘This place is the prison of the angels, and here they will be imprisoned for ever.’

1 Enoch 33:2. And to the east of those beasts I saw the ends of the earth whereon the heaven rests, and the portals of the heaven open. 3. And I saw how the stars of heaven come forth, and I counted the portals out of which they proceed, and wrote down all their outlets, of each individual star by itself, according to their number and their names, their courses and their positions, and their times and their months, as Uriel the holy angel who was with me showed me.

1 Enoch 72:2-5. This is the first commandment of the luminaries: The sun is a luminary whose egress is an opening of heaven, which is (located) in the direction of the east, and whose ingress is (another) opening of heaven, (located) in the west. I saw six openings through which the sun rises and six openings through which it sets. The moon also rises and sets through the same openings, and they are guided by the stars; together with those whom they lead, they are six in the east and six in the west heaven. All of them (are arranged) one after another in a constant order. There are many windows (both) to the right and the left of these openings. First there goes out the great light whose name is the sun; its roundness is like the roundness of the sky; and it is totally filled with light and heat. The chariot in which it ascends is (driven by) the blowing wind. The sun sets in the sky (in the west) and returns by the northeast in order to go to the east; it is guided so that it shall reach the eastern gate and shine in the face of the sky,

According to this description, stars that rise and set do so through openings in the dome, just like the sun and moon. Enoch describes the sun and the moon as being of the same size. Most stars belong in certain star constellations, but there are also wandering stars who do not follow the order. They are the ones which have transgressed the commandments of God because they do not arrive punctually (1 Enoch 18:14-15). Like the Bible, 1 Enoch typically depicts stars, and the “sons of God” as living, anthropomorphic beings. This is consistent with Job 38:7, which says that when the earth’s cornerstone was laid “the morning stars sang together and all the sons of God shouted aloud.”

Also King David describes the sun as a male, and just like Enoch and David too speaks about chambers, running a race, etc:

Ps. 19:1 The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament sheweth his handywork.2 Day unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night sheweth knowledge.3 There is no speech nor language, where their voice is not heard.4 Their line is gone out through all the earth, and their words to the end of the world. In them hath he set a tabernacle for the sun,5 Which is as a bridegroom coming out of his chamber, and rejoiceth as a strong man to run a race.6 His going forth is from the end of the heaven, and his circuit unto the ends of it: and there is nothing hid from the heat thereof.

Job 9:1 Then Job answered and said,2 I know it is so of a truth: but how should man be just with God?— 6 Which shaketh the earth out of her place, and the pillars thereof tremble.7 Which commandeth the sun, and it riseth not; and sealeth up the stars.8 Which alone spreadeth out the heavens, and treadeth upon the waves of the sea.9 Which maketh Arcturus, Orion, and Pleiades, and the chambers of the south.

FE 4 No need to fear the flat earth movement and their arguments

The last thing that Satan would do is to push people straight into the arms of God, but this is exactly what the flat earth movement is doing. For this reason there is no reason to be upset with people who have come to the conclusion that the earth if flat based on the Biblical information (others have of course come to this conclusion regardless of the Bible), and who do what they can to refute Big Bang, Evolution, heliocentrism, a global earth, etc. If they are wrong, it is better to explain why and present better arguments. Satan does not even want people to believe in God in the first place, so flat-earthers are certainly not his best friends. Not all flat earthers are Christians, but they still inadvertently highlight the existence of a Creator and that the earth, with its inhabitants, is the absolute center of his creation and with everything revolving around it. This is far from the naturalistic and materialistic world – with no room for a Creator – which we are brought up to believe in.

The Bible explains that our Creator can be detected through his creation, by the things that are made. Naturally then Satan would like to do all he can to hide this divine creation from the people of the earth, and he also offers other an alternative which does not require a Creator to start with.

Rom 1:20 For the invisible things of him from the creation of the world are clearly seen, being understood by the THINGS that are MADE, even his eternal power and Godhead; so that they are without excuse

Satan’s presentation of our existence includes Big Bang and Evolution in order to deceive people to turn their backs on a Creator, but heliocentrism is also a piece of this puzzle (and the idea that the earth is a planet among other planets) since it reduces the earth into a tiny little speck circling the sun in a vast universe which likely contains more “earths” with living creatures since the earth is far from unique. This in turn reduces human being into brief parentheses in time, with no purpose, without a God who loves them, with no value whatsoever and particularly with no future. In Satan’s world, the earth is far from placed in the center, but is rather mere dust which came about by chance.

The Biblical creation account is the exact opposite. In the Bible we can read that the earth is the center of God’s world, is his footstool, hangs on nothing, is immovable, is placed on four pillars, human beings on it are the crown of his creation, has a firmament/dome/vault/arch over it which is stretched out like a tent to dwell in, stars are small enough to fall on earth, etc. Flat-earthers would even say that the Bible straight out says that the earth is flat.

Revelation 20:9 And they went up on the breadth of the earth, and compassed the camp of the saints about, and the beloved city: and fire came down from God out of heaven, and devoured them.

The word “breadth” above is a description of the shape of the earth, and not certain parts of the earth. The word is a translation from the noun πλάτος/platos, Strong’s 4114, which means broad, something stretched out, flat, wide and is sometimes interpreted as ”broad plain” = NASB. The adjective is πλατύς, Strong’s 4116, which can be used as a description of a street. The origin comes from the verb πλάσσω/plassó, Strong’s 4111, which can be defined as ”forming/spreading/flattening out”. NE provides the information that it is connected to the French word plateau, of platel, which is a flat object.

The above is no proof for that the earth is flat, but rather that the Biblical authors believed it was. If you want to learn why people believe in the flat earth, I recommend Mark Sargent’s Flat earth clues or the youtube channel “Celebrate truth” (the latter from a Christian perspective).

You can read about “the circle of the earth” from Is. 40:22 in this blog article.

ADAM and EVE sinned in Eden – and caused physical death on their posterity

Jan24

When Adam sinned, he caused physical death on all his posterity

Both Adam and Eve transgressed God’s law, but their sins were still a bit different from each other. Eve was deceived by the serpent (1 Tim. 2:14) which resulted in her transgression of the law, but Adam sinned for other reasons and he is viewed as the head of his household and also regarded as the forefather of all inhabitants of the earth. That’s why the focus is much more on Adam’s sin than on Eve’s sin, and why we often say that Adam brought sin into the world. Adam also means “man” or “human being”.

When Adam sinned he died spiritually since death is the wages of sin, and if a person dies spiritually he must also die physically – a living soul must continue to have a body to live in. It’s actually a good deal to die physically once stuck in a sinful world, because living for eternity in this type of world is nothing to look forward to. God has a much greater plan in mind, and he was prepared with his salvation offer from the start – knowing there would be a chance that Adam might choose to sin. So physical death is required whenever there is spiritual death, but it’s also possible to die physically even though you haven’t sinned. Jesus Christ is a good example of this, and innocent babies is another. Adam and Eve were evicted from the garden of Eden, and they could no longer reach the tree of life which previously sustained them. Eating from the tree of life was needed in order to not let their bodies start decaying (eating other things will only sustain your bodies for an extended period of time), but since they were evicted from the garden they slowly started to die physically and Adam’s future posterity couldn’t reach the tree of life either.

So in a way we die physically due to Adam, but even if Adam had not sinned it’s possible that WE would still sin, and then we would be the ones causing physical death upon ourselves. Most importantly, we cause spiritual death upon ourselves if we sin (and we have), and this can never be blamed on Adam. Sinning is something we might choose to DO, and it can’t be inherited. Adam’s nature was not affected through his sin, but we are told that Adam would have to work from the sweat of his brow for his bread, and till the ground to produce crop. Eve would greatly multiply her pain in childbearing. Those “curses” from God affected all of us. So Adam opened up a can of worms, that God never intended for him to open. God promised that Adam and Eve (clean people) would DIE if they sinned, and the serpent said the exact opposite – that Eve would NOT die if she sinned. The serpent’s lie seems to be an easy lie to expose, and yet many churches today teach the same Satanic message: “Oh, you’re sinning? Just do your best, and remember that God loves you as you are. Faith alone will save you, and Jesus imputed his righteousness into you and took both your sins and your punishment, so now you’re totally free. Death no longer has any hold on you, and you’re unconditionally eternally secure”.

Gen. 2:17 But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the DAY (then when, or whenever…) that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die (dying thou shalt die)

Gen. 3:4 And the serpent said unto the woman, Ye shall not surely die

In Romans 5 Paul is talking about a spiritual death, a separation from God when a person sins. It’s about condemnation and justification, and the condemnation is referring to spiritual death, not physical, for those who are justified still die physically. Notice that death spread to all men (not sin), and that the reason for this is because they sinned (and not because Adam sinned on their part).

Rom. 5:12 Therefore, just as through one man sin entered the world, and death through sin, and thus death spread to all men, because all sinned

Paul says that some sinned NOT according to the “likeness” of Adam’s original transgression (Rom. 5:14), and it’s true that we sinned in different ways (but it’s still sin). Adam broke a command that he personally received straight from God, which isn’t the case with us. Sin is not a physical substance that is inbred in our flesh, but sinfulness is rather connected to an individual’s conduct. The Bible doesn’t teach that all men are automatically made righteous by Christ apart from repenting and believing, and neither that all men are automatically made sinners by Adam apart from their choice to sin.

Deuteronomy 24:16 Fathers shall NOT be put to death for their children, nor children for their fathers…every man shall be put to death for his own sin

Ezekiel 18:4 All souls are mine; as the soul of the father, so also the soul of the son is mine; the soul that sins, it shall die.

1 Cor. 15:21-22 is often quoted “For as in Adam all die…”, but this passage is strictly speaking of physical death because the context is the physical resurrection of the dead. Death is a consequence springing from the man Adam, just as a glorified body shall come in the future through the man Jesus Christ.

1 Co. 15:21-22.For since by man came death, by Man also came the resurrection of the dead. For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ all shall be made alive

It is YOUR iniquities and YOUR sins that separates you from God, and not someone else’s sin.

Why did God create a tree which is forbidden to eat from?

I believe the tree was there for our benefit – like all things from God. Each time Adam and Eve passed the tree of knowledge of good and evil, they would have to make an active decision whether to obey God – by avoid eating from the tree – or disobey him. Having a good contact with our Creator, and adhering to his commands are of great importance for our own well-being. We need his wisdom and his guidance.

Lucifer fell AFTER the Creation

God’s angels were probably created BEFORE or perhaps DURING the creation of the earth, because when God laid the corner-stone of the earth, the morning stars sang together and the sons of God shouted for joy (those are two categories of angels). Also Satan was an angel, and this means that he too must have been created before the creation of the earth.

Job 38:4 Where wast thou when I laid the foundations of the earth? declare, if thou hast understanding.5 Who hath laid the measures thereof, if thou knowest? or who hath stretched the line upon it?6 Whereupon are the foundations thereof fastened? or who laid the corner stone thereof;7 When the morning stars sang together, and all the sons of God shouted for joy?

We also know that Satan must have rebelled against God AFTER the completion of the creation week, because we can read that the created week was “Very Good”. Is it possible to label a scenario where you have a proud angel who rebels against his Maker for “Very Good”? Hardly. Neither is it “Very Good” that 1/3 of the angels chose to side with Satan and fell together with him.

Gen.1:31 And God saw every thing that he had made, and, behold, it was VERY GOOD. And the evening and the morning were the sixth day.

Rev. 12:4 And his tail drew the third part of the stars of heaven, and did cast them to the earth: and the dragon stood before the woman which was ready to be delivered, for to devour her child as soon as it was born.—7 And there was war in heaven: Michael and his angels fought against the dragon; and the dragon fought and his angels,8 And prevailed not; neither was their place found any more in heaven.9 And the great dragon was cast out, that old serpent, called the Devil, and Satan, which deceiveth the whole world: he was cast out into the earth, and his angels were cast out with him.

We can learn from Ezekiel that the same day as Satan was created, he was covered with precious stones, and that he had this appearance in the garden of Eden (which was also created at this point). Satan was perfect from the day of his creation until iniquity was found in him, and we can read that the reason for Satan being cast out of the mountain of God, was due to his pride and violence which sprung from his beauty. The garden of Eden, the mountain of God, the beautiful stones, they were all there before Satan sinned, so it could not have been before day 6th of the creation week.

Ezekiel 28:13 Thou hast been in Eden the garden of God; every precious stone was thy covering, the sardius, topaz, and the diamond, the beryl, the onyx, and the jasper, the sapphire, the emerald, and the carbuncle, and gold: the workmanship of thy tabrets and of thy pipes was prepared in thee in the day that thou wast created.14 Thou art the anointed cherub that covereth; and I have set thee so: thou wast upon the holy mountain of God; thou hast walked up and down in the midst of the stones of fire.15 Thou wast perfect in thy ways from the day that thou wast created, till iniquity was found in thee.16 By the multitude of thy merchandise they have filled the midst of thee with violence, and thou hast sinned: therefore I will cast thee as profane out of the mountain of God: and I will destroy thee, O covering cherub, from the midst of the stones of fire.17 Thine heart was lifted up because of thy beauty, thou hast corrupted thy wisdom by reason of thy brightness: I will cast thee to the ground, I will lay thee before kings, that they may behold thee.18 Thou hast defiled thy sanctuaries by the multitude of thine iniquities, by the iniquity of thy traffick; therefore will I bring forth a fire from the midst of thee, it shall devour thee, and I will bring thee to ashes upon the earth in the sight of all them that behold thee.

We can trust the Biblical information that the earth was very good when God said it was, but things probably started to go downhill very fast…

We are not certain of when Cain was conceived, but some people believe it must have been after the fall IF the concept of inherited sin is valid. They reason that Cain couldn’t have been born in sin (inherited his father’s sin) if he was conceived before the fall, and that might be true if it was possible to inherit sin, but the fact is that it’s not. Sinning is something we might choose to DO, and nothing that can be inherited through the DNA. So we can’t be certain if Eve was pregnant or not when the serpent deceived her, but we do know that God asked Adam and Eve to be fruitful, to multiply and to replenish the earth. This command was given on the 6th day, which is the same day as their creation. If two “very good” and healthy human beings are commanded to be fruitful, there is a good chance that they didn’t wait for days and weeks before they decided to obey their Lord. God’s view is that we can rule over sin and avoid sinning (if we inherited sin, it wouldn’t be possible to avoid), but if we always choose to obey this command is another matter.

Genesis 4:7 If thou doest well, shalt thou not be accepted? and if thou doest not well, sin lieth at the door. And unto thee shall be his desire, and thou shalt rule over him.

Read more about God’s equal ways, and that a son shall not inherit sin from his father:

Ez. 18: 4 Behold, all souls are mine; as the soul of the father, so also the soul of the son is mine: the soul that sinneth, it shall die.—8 He that hath not given forth upon usury, neither hath taken any increase, that hath withdrawn his hand from iniquity, hath executed true judgment between man and man,9 Hath walked in my statutes, and hath kept my judgments, to deal truly; he is just, he shall surely live, saith the Lord God.—14 Now, lo, if he beget a son, that seeth all his father’s sins which he hath done, and considereth, and doeth not such like,—17 — hath walked in my statutes; he shall not die for the iniquity of his father, he shall surely live.—19 Yet say ye, Why? doth not the son bear the iniquity of the father? When the son hath done that which is lawful and right, and hath kept all my statutes, and hath done them, he shall surely live.20 The soul that sinneth, it shall die. The son shall not bear the iniquity of the father, neither shall the father bear the iniquity of the son: the righteousness of the righteous shall be upon him, and the wickedness of the wicked shall be upon him.21 But if the wicked will turn from all his sins that he hath committed, and keep all my statutes, and do that which is lawful and right, he shall surely live, he shall not die.22 All his transgressions that he hath committed, they shall not be mentioned unto him: in his righteousness that he hath done he shall live.23 Have I any pleasure at all that the wicked should die? saith the Lord God: and not that he should return from his ways, and live?24 But when the righteous turneth away from his righteousness, and committeth iniquity, and doeth according to all the abominations that the wicked man doeth, shall he live? All his righteousness that he hath done shall not be mentioned: in his trespass that he hath trespassed, and in his sin that he hath sinned, in them shall he die.25 Yet ye say, The way of the Lord is not equal. Hear now, O house of Israel; Is not my way equal? are not your ways unequal?

There are not two different creation accounts, but there is only one creation account described from two different perspectives. In Genesis 2 we can read the details from man’s perspective in Eden, after that Adam and Eve had been created. Genesis 1 contains the general description of the entire creation.

The world is created BY Jesus own hands (and Jesus is God)

Colossians 1:14 In whom we have redemption through his blood, even the forgiveness of sins:15 Who is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of every creature:16 For by him were all things created, that are in heaven, and that are in earth, visible and invisible, whether they be thrones, or dominions, or principalities, or powers: all things were created by him, and for him:17 And he is before all things, and by him all things consist.18 And he is the head of the body, the church: who is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead; that in all things he might have the preeminence.19 For it pleased the Father that in him should all fulness dwell;

Hebr. 1:8 But unto the Son he saith, Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever: a sceptre of righteousness is the sceptre of thy kingdom.9 Thou hast loved righteousness, and hated iniquity; therefore God, even thy God, hath anointed thee with the oil of gladness above thy fellows.10 And, Thou, Lord, in the beginning hast laid the foundation of the earth; and the heavens are the works of thine hands:

The Gap theory and the age of the earth

It’s common to try to add millions of years between Gen. 1:1 and Gen. 1:2 (the gap theory) but the question is WHY there is such a need to squeeze in extra time into these verses when the Bible itself doesn’t mention it? What do we gain by doing so and who does it benefit? Is it possible that it has something to do with the Evolution theory and its urgent need of lots of time to make it plausible? There is absolutely no need to put out the red carpet for this theory, because it’s a fairy tale for grown ups, and compromising with Scripture leads to Bible contradictions. Some christians claim that they don’t believe in the Evolution theory, but only the millions/billions of years, but from where do they get this idea that the earth must be so old? Isn’t it from Evolutionists? There are scientists with PhD exams (from secular schools) who are young earth creationists, so it’s possible to be a scientist without making use of long ages. The long ages didn’t derive from objective science but from the subjective evolution theory, and that’s not the same thing. It’s of course possible to leave the Bible out of science (you can’t prove or disprove God by using science), but we still find evidence for a young earth by studying facts in our nature. We can also read the Bible and see what it says, and it suggests that the earth was created in six days:

Exodus 20:8 Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy.9 Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work:10 But the seventh day is the sabbath of the Lord thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates:11 For in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the Lord blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it.

Gen.1:31 And God saw every thing that he had made, and, behold, it was VERY GOOD. And the evening and the morning were the sixth day.

God could have created the heavens and the earth in 5 seconds, 5000 years or millions of years, but God had a reason for creating everything in 6 ordinary days. It was because he wanted to make a pattern for our lives – to encourage us to work for 6 days and rest 1 day, which seems to be a good life rhythm for man. During these 6 days God created “heaven and earth, the sea and all that is in them”, and that covers pretty much everything. God didn’t create the earth to be void but to be inhabited, so why would God first create the earth and then sit around waiting for millions of years until he proceeded to create the rest of the stuff that he had already planned to fill his creation with? If someone suggests that it didn’t take millions of years from GOD’s point of view but only from our point of view, then why even give us the details about the six days? If it says “six days”, isn’t it a risk that we believe it took six ordinary days? God is not the God of confusion, and he is able to express himself in a way that we understand.

Isaiah 45: 18 For thus saith the Lord that created the heavens; God himself that formed the earth and made it; he hath established it, he created it not in vain, he formed it to be inhabited: I am the Lord; and there is none else.—21 Tell ye, and bring them near; yea, let them take counsel together: who hath declared this from ancient time? who hath told it from that time? have not I the Lord? and there is no God else beside me; a just God and a Saviour; there is none beside me.22 Look unto me, and be ye saved, all the ends of the earth: for I am God, and there is none else.

The classical concept of “Big Bang” can’t be true at the same time as the Biblical explanation is true since they are mutually exclusive. It’s one or the other. According to the Bible the earth was created Day 1 before the sun, the moon and the stars (which were created Day 4), but not so according to the Big Bang theory. According to the Bible the first land animals were created Day 6th (after the birds), which was the same day as man was created, but not so according to the Evolution theory where land animals lived millions of years before man evolved. The Evolution theory also places dinosaurs (land animals) before birds, but it’s the other way around according to the Bible.

Some christians try to squeeze the millions of years into the creation week by adding some of them each day. However, if the duration of the nights were thousands/millions of years, the vegetation would die, and animals wouldn’t get any food. If the days were longer, vegetation would get the much-needed light but too much of it, and the ecological chain would still be interrupted . We all need both light and darkness, regularly and in perfect proportions, or else we will die due to lack of food.

If God didn’t create in six days as he said he did, then he has completely failed to convey for us how long it really took, despite that the Bible is meant for us to understand. It would have been better to not give us any indications of time at all, instead of saying first day, second, day, six days, etc, and not mean a thing with such misleading details which only confuse honest people who would like to read the Bible as it says. Furthermore, it’s not possible to squeeze thousands of years in between the generations that we can read about in Genesis and in the book of Luke, because no generation is missing. Enoch is even mentioned as the 7th from Adam (Jude 1:14), but perhaps this information can’t be trusted either, despite that it can be read in the New Testament? If we can’t trust the information concerning time in Genesis, when can we start to trust it? We can read that God created Adam and Eve in the BEGINNING OF THE CREATION, but if we squeeze in millions of years somewhere in the creation week, Adam and Eve will be placed in the very END of the creation week which is the opposite of what Mark says.

Mark 10:6 But from the BEGINNING OF THE CREATION God made them male and female.7 For this cause shall a man leave his father and mother, and cleave to his wife

Adam, Eve, Cain, Abel, Enoch and Noah were real people to whom we are related

We can trust that Genesis means what it says, and that it should not be read as poetry or allegories, but as our real history.

Oxford Hebrew scholar and Professor James Barr:

“… probably, so far as I know, there is no professor of Hebrew or Old Testament at any world-class university who does not believe that the writer(s) of Genesis 1–11 intended to convey to their readers the ideas that:

a) creation took place in a series of six days which were the same as the days of 24 hours we now experience
b) the figures contained in the Genesis genealogies provided by simple addition a chronology from the beginning of the world up to later stages in the biblical story
c) Noah’s flood was understood to be world-wide and extinguish all human and animal life except for those in the ark.’

If the below verses should not be read as real history, the Bible ends up being a very confusing book and it’s hard to know what can be trusted or not.

Genesis 3:20 And Adam called his wife’s name Eve; because she was the mother of all living.21 Unto Adam also and to his wife did the Lord God make coats of skins, and clothed them.22 And the Lord God said, Behold, the man is become as one of us, to know good and evil: and now, lest he put forth his hand, and take also of the tree of life, and eat, and live for ever:

Genesis 5:2 Male and female created he them; and blessed them, and called their name Adam, in the day when they were created.3 And Adam lived an hundred and thirty years, and begat a son in his own likeness, and after his image; and called his name Seth:4 And the days of Adam after he had begotten Seth were eight hundred years: and he begat sons and daughters:5 And all the days that Adam lived were nine hundred and thirty years: and he died.

1 Chron. 1:1 Adam, Sheth, Enosh,2 Kenan, Mahalaleel, Jered,3 Henoch, Methuselah, Lamech,4 Noah, Shem, Ham, and Japheth.5 The sons of Japheth; Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.6 And the sons of Gomer; Ashchenaz, and Riphath, and Togarmah.7 And the sons of Javan; Elishah, and Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim (see also Gen. 10: 1-2)

Deut. 32:7 Remember the days of old, consider the years of many generations: ask thy father, and he will shew thee; thy elders, and they will tell thee.8 When the Most High divided to the nations their inheritance, when he separated the sons of Adam, he set the bounds of the people according to the number of the children of Israel.

Job 31:33 If I covered my transgressions as Adam, by hiding mine iniquity in my bosom

Hosea 6.7 But they like men (“Adam”, Strong’s H120) have transgressed the covenant: there have they dealt treacherously against me.

Luke 3:37 Which was the son of Mathusala, which was the son of Enoch, which was the son of Jared, which was the son of Maleleel, which was the son of Cainan,38 Which was the son of Enos, which was the son of Seth, which was the son of Adam, which was the son of God.

Romans 5:12 Wherefore, as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death (notice that it doesn’t say SIN) passed upon all men, for that all have sinned:13 (For until the law sin was in the world: but sin is not imputed when there is no law.14 Nevertheless death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over them that had not sinned after the similitude of Adam’s transgression, who is the figure of him that was to come.—18 Therefore as by the offence of one judgment came upon all men to condemnation; even so by the righteousness of one the free gift came upon all men unto justification of life.19 For as by one man’s disobedience many were made sinners, so by the obedience of one shall many be made righteous.

1 Tim 2:13 For Adam was first formed, then Eve.14 And Adam was not deceived, but the woman being deceived was in the transgression.

1 Cor. 15:22 (About the physical resurrection) For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive. —45 And so it is written, The first man Adam was made a living soul; the last Adam was made a quickening spirit.

1 Cor. 11:8 For the man is not of the woman: but the woman of the man.9 Neither was the man created for the woman; but the woman for the man.10 For this cause ought the woman to have power on her head because of the angels.

Acts 17:26 And hath made of one blood all nations of men for to dwell on all the face of the earth, and hath determined the times before appointed, and the bounds of their habitation;27 That they should seek the Lord, if haply they might feel after him, and find him, though he be not far from every one of us:

More verses which show that Genesis is valid as our true history

Jude 1:6 And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation, he hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day. —11 Woe unto them! for they have gone in the way of Cain, and ran greedily after the error of Balaam for reward, and perished in the gainsaying of Core.—14 And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold, the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his saints,

Matteus 23:35 That upon you may come all the righteous blood shed upon the earth, from the blood of righteous Abel unto the blood of Zacharias son of Barachias, whom ye slew between the temple and the altar.

Luke 11:51 From the blood of Abel unto the blood of Zacharias which perished between the altar and the temple: verily I say unto you, It shall be required of this generation.

Hebr.12:24 And to Jesus the mediator of the new covenant, and to the blood of sprinkling, that speaketh better things than that of Abel.

Hebr. 11:1 Now faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen.2 For by it the elders obtained a good report.3 Through faith we understand that the worlds were framed by the word of God, so that things which are seen were not made of things which do appear.4 By faith Abel offered unto God a more excellent sacrifice than Cain, by which he obtained witness that he was righteous, God testifying of his gifts: and by it he being dead yet speaketh.5 By faith Enoch was translated that he should not see death; and was not found, because God had translated him: for before his translation he had this testimony, that he pleased God.

1 John. 3:12 Not as Cain, who was of that wicked one, and slew his brother. And wherefore slew he him? Because his own works were evil, and his brother’s righteous.

Death is an enemy

1 Cor. 15:26 The last enemy that shall be destroyed is death.

God’s original intention could never have been that an ENEMY would roam around freely on earth, because an enemy is an intruder. Physical death is something hurtful both for man and animal, considering all the emotions and pain that are often involved. Getting old, sick and eventually die is usually connected with lots of tears and a number of people missing the deceased person. God’s idea of “very good” doesn’t involve any pain, tears and longing for friends or family members. Vegetation and insects, on the other hand, do not have such negative feelings (and probably not fish either) so they could still have been planned to die all along . They are most likely created to be included in the natural biological cycle where they die (or wither away), and they feel no discomfort when they go through that process. It was never the intention for man to be meat eater, but of course God was prepared for that sin would arise which would lead to death, and if animals would start to die why not eating them? So the fact that we have pain and suffering in this world is due to the fall, and God certainly didn’t plan the fall.

God commanded man and animals to eat various herbs:

Man: every herb bearing seed, and every tree, in the which is the fruit of a tree yielding seed; to you it shall be for meat (Gen. 1:29)

Every beast, fowl of the air, and every thing that creepeth: (all that includes “nephesh chayyah”): every green herb for meat (Gen. 1:30)

Man and land animals are referred to as ”creature that hath life” or “living creature” which is ”nephesh” in Hebrew. See Gen. 1:20, 21, 24, and also Gen. 2:7 where Adam becomes “a living soul” (nephesh chayyah). The expression shows that it concerns a certain category of living creatures that can breathe, and maybe with other characteristics – such as containing blood. Plants and flowers do not have such awareness or ability to breathe and feel pain, and they are not included in ”nephesh”. We can also read that “the life of the flesh is in the blood” (nephesh)3 Mos. 17:11, 1 Mos. 9:4. Adam’s job to give name to all animals also gives us further clues to what kind of animals are included in ”nephesh cayyah”. He gave name of every living creature – every beast of the field, and every fowl of the air – (nephesh chayyah) in Gen. 2:19. After the fall, people were still not commanded to change their food sources. Meat was not allowed until Noah disembarked the Ark at Ararat, but it’s very possible that man still ate meat prior to this day.

Rom. 8:19 For the earnest expectation of the creature waiteth for the manifestation of the sons of God.20 For the creature was made subject to vanity, not willingly, but by reason of him who hath subjected the same in hope,21 Because the creature itself also shall be delivered from the bondage of corruption into the glorious liberty of the children of God.22 For we know that the whole creation groaneth and travaileth in pain together until now.

1 John 5: 19 And we know that we are of God, and the whole world lieth in wickedness.

Read this blog article about dinosaurs.

Evolutionsläran är inte falsifierbar

Jan11

Utvecklingen av utvecklingsläran

Publicerad på http://www.genesis.nu

Evolutionsläran är inte bevisad. Det är inget konstigt med detta. Ingen naturvetenskaplig teori kan bevisas i strikt mening, eftersom även om man har tusen observationer som ger ett visst resultat, kan det alltid finnas ett tusenförsta som ger ett annat. Värre är att evolutionsläran inte är motbevisad, eller rättare sagt att den inte gåratt motbevisa. En teori växer i trovärdighet ju fler motbevisningsförsök den överlever. Till exempel har gravitationsteorin stått pall mot motbevisningsförsök i över 300 år och kan därför betraktas som nästan bevisad, men bara nästan. En teori som inte utsätts för motbevisningsförsök är inte trovärdig. En teori som inte kanmotbevisas ska inte ens betraktas som vetenskaplig. Evolutionsläran är en sådan teori. Varför?

Det beror på att inga nya observationer kan motbevisa evolutionsläran. Den är så flexibel att även om man hittar något i naturen som egentligen är motsatsen till evolution så uppfinner man en ny evolutionistisk mekanism som kan förklara även detta. Nedan följer några exempel på sådana efterhandskonstruktioner. Bry dig inte om om du inte förstår alla ord (eller googla). Syftet är inte att kritisera de enskilda evolutionistiska mekanismerna utan att kritisera den evolutionistiska metoden att skohorna in allt man hittar i läran:

Om organismernas likheter stämmer med det antagna evolutionsträdet sägs detta bevisa en divergent evolution. Om inte, har det skett en konvergent evolution.
Om man hittar sekvenser av organismer mellan arter sägs det bevisa en gradvis evolution. Om inte, bevisar det en punkterad jämnvikt.
Om man kan ordna organismernas egenskaper i nästlade hierarkier ser man en harmonisk evolution. Om inte, ser man en mosaikartad evolution.
Om den genetiska variationen är liten så beror det på en selektiv evolution. Motsatsen beror på en neutral evolution.
Om man kan identifiera stamfäder och ättlingar ritar man fylogram som ska bevisa evolutionen. Annas ritar man kladogram.
Om fossilen uppträder i de berglager man förväntar sig är sedimenten orörda. Annars har de utsatts för geologiska omvandlingar.
Om en levande art är olik sin fossila motsvarighet har den utsatts för en biologisk variation. Om inte, har vi ett levande fossil.

Hur i all världen ska evolutionsläran kunna motbevisas när den är så anpassbar att allt ryms inom dess sfär? Den är fullständigt immun mot motbevisning och därför inte vetenskaplig. Nya fynd testar aldrig evolutionsläran. De testar evolutionisters uppfinningsrikedom. Det enda som egentligen utvecklas är därför utvecklingsläran.